The 21 Best News Roundups for Self-Publishing Authors

The 21 Best News Roundups for Self-Publishing Authors The 21 Best News Roundups for Self-Publishing Authors The sheer measure of data that comes spilling out of the web each week can be overpowering - particularly when you’re living in the ever-advancing universe of independently publishing. To help smooth out your learning (and cut back on long periods of capricious perusing), we’ve set up a rundown of our preferred composition and independently publishing roundups.As we find new gatherings, we’ll be including and taking away sections from this rundown. On the off chance that you are aware of any extraordinary distributing related gatherings, let us know in the remarks beneath, and we may discover a spot for it on this page!General Publishing Roundups1. The Book DesignerJoel Friedlander’s site has for since quite a while ago been a safe house for book plan obsessives like us. It likewise flaunts a superb week after week blog roundup that reveals tips on composing, distributing, and - obviously - book design.2. The Digital ReaderLooking for a brisk shot of b ook news at the morning meal table?â Nate Hoffelder offers a craftsman mix of connections in his Morning Coffee gather together for perusers and distributing aficionados who can’t sit tight an entire week for their fix of distributing news. Look at probably the best news roundups for #selfpub creators 3. IndieReader We will routinely revive this page, so on the off chance that you are aware of a strong news roundup that shares data, tips, and exhortation forâ self-distributing creators, let us know in the remarks underneath!

Drawing to Painting Essay Example For Students

Attracting to Painting Essay This permitted the craftsmen to assemble fundamental thoughts and to concentrate on the subtleties of the work. Additionally in this inventive procedure the craftsman was known to utilize live models and the models were commonly male regardless of whether the figure the craftsman was attracting was to be female. Maybe one medium Raphael utilized was silvering on arranged pink paper that permitted the craftsman to depict a sensitive tonal impact. The craftsman may have additionally utilized red chalk as a medium which was utilized to impersonate the delicate tones of substance. Raphael at that point put the consequences of taking a gander at the figures of the live models into a synopsis structure of the creation and this helped him set up the lighting impacts and setting for the figural game plans. Two instances of this are Repeals work of Madonna and Child With the Infant Saint John the Baptist is an investigation Of the figures pyramidal gathering. Another progression Raphael may have utilized is drawing kid's shows, which were full-scale drawings. These drawings were important if the craftsman decided to paint frescoes which were done on wet mortar. Fresco is a troublesome medium that powers the craftsman to rapidly paint a little bit of mortar every day as the damp mortar and water-based hues dry rapidly. When appointing works of art or figures is was regular practice for the specialists to incorporate an attracting or running to help clarify the structure and its subtleties that was normal and were settled upon by the two gatherings. Drawings were likewise utilized as exhibition pieces for endorsement from benefactors and for use in workshops, and these were fundamentally finished in regard to the iconography. These sorts to drawings were utilized tort chiseling ventures and showed the system of the landmark (Renaissance Drawings: Material And Function, 2013). When painting the Alba Madonna Raphael utilized oil on wood which he at that point moved to canvas. The craftsman utilized oil paints for his works of art and at times wet mortar (for frescoes) alongside the IL paint. As referenced above, when doing frescoes the craftsman needed to work little territories of the artwork and work rapidly before the mortar and paint dried rapidly. Indication the craftsman drew before painting since he needed to ensure the components of the artistic creation were right. Additionally, maybe on the off chance that it was an appointed piece or work of art, at that point he could demonstrate his plans to the imminent customer and give them thought of tank he had at the top of the priority list to do. In Repeals painting of Alba Madonna think he is communicating heavenliness through the perfect excellence Of the figures Of Mary, Jesus and John. Maybe through the development that he demonstrates through the manner in which the Christ youngster is by all accounts tolerating the cross and the manner in which Mary is investigating the future that he is demonstrating the what might be on the horizon. I think her arm on Johns shoulder is a sort of acknowledgment of what is to come and understanding that John will clear the path for Christ. Do believe attracting to be a significant fine art. As referenced in a portion of the articles read about Raphael and his drawings, his drawings were here and there more nitty gritty than the real works of art he would take from the drawings. I think attracting permits a craftsman to investigate their thoughts thou focusing on them, on the grounds that once they start with the paint there is actually no returning.

When Are Anger Rooms Beneficial

When Are Anger Rooms Beneficial Stress Management Management Techniques Physical Techniques Print When Are Anger Rooms Beneficial? By Elizabeth Scott, MS twitter Elizabeth Scott, MS, is a wellness coach specializing in stress management and quality of life, and the author of 8 Keys to Stress Management. Learn about our editorial policy Elizabeth Scott, MS Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on April 11, 2017 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on January 20, 2020 South Agency / Getty Images More in Stress Management Management Techniques Physical Techniques Relaxation Time Management Effects on Health Situational Stress Job Stress Household Stress Relationship Stress There is a time and place for everything, the saying goes, and now there ’s a place to go when you’re so angry you’d just love to hurl a vase. While “escape rooms” are growing in popularity as an outlet for creative problem solving, “anger rooms” are popping up all over to offer an outlet for frustration. They are meant to be a place to break things when you’re angry, consequence-free (or so it would appear). In an anger room, you have the opportunity to destroy something without having to feel bad about it or even clean up afterward. “The Wrecking Club” in New York, for example, is billed as a place “where people come to smash stuff to pieces.” “The Break Room” near Atlanta, GA, and “The Anger Room” in Los Angeles, CA, offer similar experiences, as do many such clubs around the country that are growing in popularity and receiving rave reviews. These rooms are set up with breakable items for patrons to smash for a few minutes at a time. Blowing off steam makes many people feel better at the moment, but are these rooms healthy stress management strategies or effective for anger management in the long run? How do they compare to simply hitting a pillow or going to the gym to blow off steam? How to Deal With Anger in a Healthy Way What the Research Says There isn’t yet much specific research on whether these anger rooms can benefit you by lowering stress levels or increasing anger management skills; these places are relatively new. However, the idea behind them has been around for quite a whileâ€"who among us has never been so angry that we just want to break something? Because of this, there are some existing studies that can give us some clues about whether these rooms do more harm than good.   The catharsis theory of aggression maintains that if people are able to vent their frustration and anger, this anger will decrease. This theory has been around for decades, but research debunking it has been around for almost as long. One study that was conducted in 1959 gave some subjects the opportunity to hit nails with hammers for ten minutes to decrease their anger levels after being insulted, while other subjects were left to wait the ten minutes without physical activity to help them vent their anger. The results showed that the hammer-wielding subjects were actually angrier after ten minutes than those who were sitting quietly, even though the catharsis theory would lead us to expect the opposite. Some research suggests that breaking things may not be the best way to handle anger. Another study from 1969 allowed students to leave negative evaluations of a teacher who (unbeknownst to them) was being purposely frustrating, while other subjects who had experienced the same frustrations weren’t given the chance to express their anger and aggression with negative evaluations. Again, contrary to expectations, those who had vented their anger were actually more angry afterwardâ€"not less. Interestingly, there is even research on whether aggression is increased by venting when people believe that venting will minimize their anger. (In other words, there is research that has tested whether the idea that venting anger as a way to manage it is a self-fulfilling prophecy that will lead to reduced anger because people expect it to work this way.) The short answer is that it doesn’t work this way; venting anger by punching a punching bag still increased anger levels in subjects who were lead to believe that this type of venting would decrease their anger. Perhaps more alarming, the 1999 study that found this also detected an increased likelihood that these angry people would take their hostility out on innocent bystanders if given the chance. Other research has had similar findings, but the view that venting one’s anger leads to less anger is a persistent one.  This may be because when many people express aggression toward the source of their frustration, their aggressive drive may decrease at the moment, but their likelihood of being aggressive in the future will actually increase. (This may seem counter-intuitive, but think about it: if acting out your aggression makes you feel better afterward, you’re probably going to be more likely to be aggressive in the future, right?) One study related to this theory found that people who acted aggressively after being provoked and experienced a decrease in anger afterward were more likely to be aggressive on days when they were angry in the future. However, those who experienced an increase in anger after expressing aggression had no increased tendencies to act out their aggression on days when they were especially angry. It is interesting to note that not everyone in this study experienced a decrease in anger when they acted out their aggression. A related study found that those who evaluated the source of their anger tended to experience a decrease in anger as a result. Those who evaluated something else that was unrelated to their frustration experienced no significant changes to their anger levels. This is interesting because it suggests that analyzing why we are angry can more reliably help us to decrease our feelings of anger, while acting out our anger appears to increase it, either in the short term or in the long term, as the previous study demonstrated. What Works Best for Anger Management In addition to evaluating the source of frustration, research has also found that some other forms of stress management may be more effective than taking our aggression on inanimate objects. These things have all been shown to help decrease your feelings of frustration and anger:Taking a break (remember the old admonition of counting to ten when angry?)Practicing breathing exercises,Trying meditation (even if you’ve never practiced meditation before) Other cognitive-behavioral techniques have also been found to be helpful without the damaging side-effects of venting anger; these techniques include the following: Progressive Muscle Relaxation: Take some time to tense each muscle in your body and then consciously relax them to help calm soothe yourself physically.Cognitive Restructuring: This means shifting your perspective to a less angry one by thinking of things differently.Social Skills Training or Assertiveness Training: This form of behavior therapy teaches you to relate to others in a healthier way so you can avoid becoming as angry and stressed.Problem-Solving: Not all problems can be easily fixed, but many can. Becoming more proactive when possible can help you to minimize stressors in your life.Exposure to the Stressor: This is recommended for many issues including anxiety, and involves facing something that causes you to stress, in small but increasing doses until you feel less stressed and more able to cope with the stressor.Education About Anger and Anger Management: Learning more about anger and how to have a healthy relationship with your own anger can minimize the need for a pl ace to blow off steam, and can help you to keep yourself from taking out your anger on others.Stress Management: Being proactive with stress management can help you to build resilience so you dont feel as stressed by new things that affect you in your life. There are many effective ways to manage stress! The Benefits This begs the questionâ€"if venting our anger by breaking things may help many of us feel like we’ve decreased our anger, isn’t it a useful activity to try when we’re at our wit’s end? Or even a worthy activity for a Saturday night out with friends, particularly if we’re a group that would like to vent our anger and to blow off some steam? Doesn’t this research miss the point that these rooms are all in good fun? Find Help With the 7 Best Online Anger Management Classes For many, there might be something beneficial to this activity after all. There is a reason these places are drawing crowds and increasing in popularity, and they do bring some benefits as well, especially if you already know the caveats. The following are a few good reasons you may want to visit one of these places after all: To Try Something New: If you’re curious about these places you may want to try them out to satisfy your curiosity! It can be an interesting form of exercise. It can give you a funny story to share with your friends. It can also be a fun activity to bring them along to, which leads to the next point.For Bonding: If you’re going with a group of friends, it may be a bonding experience to break things together. If you go with your partner or a friend who is experiencing the same stress you are, this can also be a fun way to blow off steam and connect. Just be aware that this can increase your likelihood of being aggressive, and make it a point to develop habits that will help you to manage your anger in other ways as well (such as those listed above).For Pure Fun: Studies also show that it’s important to have fun in your life as a way to improve your mood, manage stress, and maintain balance in your life. If it’s fun for you to go out and break things, this may still be a much he althier activity for you than sitting at home and ruminating over what’s making you angry. If it gets you into a better mood with a spirit of fun, you may want to go for it. (Again, just remember to create some other habits for yourself as well that can help you to manage stress and anger in your life.) Anger and Stress: Why It Is Important to Manage Them Both

Conflict Theory A Theoretical Framework - 1304 Words

d.) conflict theory/ pg.27: a theoretical framework in which society is viewed as composed of groups that are competing for scarce resources. The video shows a lot of conflict theory in its underlying themes and details. All of the different families in this film are competing with each other for work. The scarce resources in this case is the work. This is why so many of the families migrate and follow the work wherever it goes. They are competing to try and do as much as they can to get the money they need to survive. The resources are scarce and sometimes it is very tough for them to find work. Many of them are turned down and told that there is no work. As they compete for these resources it is a game of survival of the fittest. There is nobody there to make sure they are alright and many of the members of the families struggle. They compete so much for these other resources that they lose sight of other goals that they have in their life. Many compete so much that their children cannot finish school, have long lasting friendships, or even enjoy milestones in their life. You can see that it is affecting their children e motionally and physically. As they compete for resources their children get sucked deeper into the lifestyle with no sign of escaping any time soon. The conflict theory explains to us the fact that these groups are struggling to get the work they need to support their families. From the outside we may see a lot of work to be done and the familiesShow MoreRelatedExample Of The Three Theoretical Perspectives Of Sociology1044 Words   |  5 Pages Theoretical Perspectives in Sociology Nanesha Greathouse HCC Abstract This paper describes the three major theoretical perspectives in Sociology: symbolic interactionism, functionalism and conflict theory. Sociologists developed these theoretical perspectives to help explain the way individuals conduct themselves and to help us to gain a better understanding of the world around us. Throughout this paper, the reader will learn about each perspective and its origin as well as additionalRead MoreThe Cold War And Initiation Of Neoliberalism Essay900 Words   |  4 PagesOvertime, the international system has experience a multitude of theoretical frameworks including realism, liberalism, and idealism; furthermore, each has emerged into new schools of thought after the conclusion of the Cold War. The liberal school of thought has inherited many developments and new features since 1989. 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This focuses mainly on how the individual interacts with others, and how others influence the individual behaviors that impact society in a micro or macro way. The second theoretical framework is the conflict theory, it examines the rift between the rich and the poor and how it affects the quality of education, health care, and living condition of said group. Thirdly, the functionalist theory, which comparesRead MoreMain Theoretical Perspectives Within Sociology1330 Words   |  6 PagesA theory is a statement that explains how and why the world operates the way it does. Theories are a great part of the framework used in organizing the specific social phenomena’s within social science. Theories can answer questions like why certain groups of people all live in the same/ certain neighborhood. Theories try to explain why groups of people do certain things, and why a society changes and how it works. There are three main theoretical perspectives within sociology. These perspectivesRead MoreHistorical Development of Nursing Timeline1033 Words   |  5 PagesHistorical Development of Nursing Timeline 1850s The history of theoretical and scientific approach in nursing evolution rooted in mid-1800s by the founder and pioneer of modern nursing; Florence Nightingale. She was considered â€Å"The Lady with the Lamp† and â€Å"The Mother of Modern Nursing â€Å". Florence Nightingale was born in Florence Italy on May 12, 1820. She grew up with the belief that her religious calling was to take care of other people. She started her work during the CrimeanRead MoreThe Major Theories of Sociology Essay1221 Words   |  5 Pagessociology, sociologists use many different theories to base their ideas and observations on; however, the three major theories that are used are symbolic interactionism, functional analysis, and conflict theory. It is these three theories that will be the focus of this paper. To begin with, we will start with symbolic interactionism. Charles Horton Cooley and George Herbert Mead developed symbolic interactionism. In order to understand what this theory is all about though, we will look at the definitionRead MoreConflict Management Styles Among Corporate Ceos Nigeria1430 Words   |  6 PagesCONCEPTUAL /THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK In the process of writing a literature review, scholarly sources have been collected in previous weeks, analyzed and synthesized. However, in continuation to forming a complete literature review, this paper will focus on describing the conceptual/ theoretical frame works used by the authors (on reference page), compare and contrast how the topics relates to each of the frameworks used, and identifying which frame work best applies to the topic: â€Å"Conflict ManagementRead MoreConflict Between Iran And Iraq Essay1590 Words   |  7 Pages Society is hard pressed to find a region within the world today, which has experienced as much conflict, as the Middle East. The bloodiest and most volatile of these conflicts would be the Iran-Iraq war, proving to be the most bitter and detrimental conflict since World War II, and the worst the region has seen in recent years. Hostile relations and continued territorial clashes occurred between these two countries before September 22, 1980, however this day would mark the official declaration ofRead MoreCurrent Marketing Literature On Waiting Process829 Words   |  4 Pagesof an integrated theoretical framework that comprehensively describes how and why customers respond to waiting. This is partially due to the fact that prior studies have been exclusively focused on specific study contexts and purposes, for example, a study in restaurant waiting could hardly cover discussions about attribution; and partially due to existing conflict among applicable theories, for example, conflicts between assimilation-contrast theory and stress management theory; and partially due

What Absolutely Everybody Is Saying About Speech Writing Services Online and What You Have to Do

What Absolutely Everybody Is Saying About Speech Writing Services Online and What You Have to Do Our UK dissertation writing rankmywriter service has quite a long presence on the business. Rewriting services are a kind of revision services. A professional writing service can make all of the difference on earth. Our professional rewriting services are intended to supply you great services at inexpensive prices. The work you will receive is certain to be the highest quality on the internet. We're an on-line custom writing service offering a myriad of academic papers. Our custom writing service isn't sub-standard. Making the choice to employ a custom writing service is crucial. There are a number of online academic writing businesses, but you ought to be careful to choose one that's reputable and dependable. Even though there are a couple standard actions to writing an. Great writing solutions, like the ones I discussed above will be in a position to assist you with any part of your assignments. For that you have to hire or take aid of a writer who's expert in writing speech and who can understand your requirements and provide you the desired project according to your specifications and instructions. The Tried and True Method for Speech Writing Services Online in Step by Step Detail Other writing companies won't be in a position to supply you with the ideal speech maintaining the stan dard of work and deliver you on time because writing a speech takes lots of time and efforts as it needs a whole lot of research. Our experts have great expertise in writing speeches, reports, and other kinds of papers. With help from our Speech Writing Specialists, an individual can rest assured of finding the speech written based on the specifications. Employing speech writing services online may cause you to get nervous, as you might be worrying about your confidentiality. Writing a doctoral dissertation with our bureau is the best choice for you to get a high. Professional on-line essay writing servicesare precisely what you want. If you're thinking that you will take a person to compose my essay at this time, you're able to just rely on our honest reviews. You will receive a cheap on-line essay writing serviceonline. The Key to Successful Speech Writing Services Online You may also opt to have us write a little part of your dissertation like an abstract or a dissertat ion chapter and just pay for what you demand. Your final dissertation is readily the the most critical part of your Master's schedule. For instance you may require business case studies or PhD dissertation having an extremely tight deadline. Rewriting services means the paper may have to be reorganized, changes must be made to the research, or even the simple premise of the paper will have to be redone. If you're looking for a non-fraudulent writing service then is what you're searching for. If you're trying to find the absolute best writing services on the net, you're in the suitable spot. It's simple to find the help you're searching for, and you're guaranteed to acquire only the very best, so send in your content now and let us help you get nothing but that! Hence, a lot of people require the assistance of professionals that focus on rewriting content at inexpensive rates. Rewriting of web pages and websites are easily done depending on your requirements. Rewriting articles is extremely beneficial to webmasters as it offers better value for their time and money. Rewriting web content is the most wanted skill in the internet world. Our rewriting service will allow you to get non-plagiarized content you are searching for and implement valuable adjustments to the text you provide. Choosing Good Speech Writing Services Online If you're puzzling who will be able to help you with the assignment at the lowest price as you're a student and is occasionally pressed for money, you're at the correct place as we offer cheap custom made writings. While placing the order, pay a particular attention to supplying specific instructions, so our speech writer would know just what to include in the job. If you must make certain that the last work is going to be of exceptional quality, you're welcome to bring a PRO Writer bundle to your purchase, so that one of our t op writers will finish the assignment for you. In case you have any of the above mentioned reasons for getting expert help online, make the proper choice let us assist you with your assignments!

Article Summary Free Essays

Article Summary With the increase in online courses, along came an increase in the drop out rates versus the traditional sit-in environment. During this study, valuable information was offered to increase student success and minimize drop out rates. There needs to be communication among peers and instructor to have success in online courses. We will write a custom essay sample on Article Summary or any similar topic only for you Order Now A group of students from the University of Pretoria, were enrolled in a Masters program, and their online activities were tracked for 8 weeks, by a program called Learning management (LMS) track. The LMS tracking tool was able to offer nformation on â€Å"students’ blog postings, 161 5 discussions posts, an online quiz, and examination essays† (Nagel, Blignaut, Cronje, 2009, p, 41). Through their examination, they were able to categorize â€Å"three stratifications of students† (Nagel, et al, 2009, 45) and their traits. The first stratification group was the fail grade, which rarely posted, hardly collaborated with their peers, searched very little, rarely replied to his online community, or provided no feedback. This caused frustration among other peers that were assigned to their group project, because they never articipated. How to cite Article Summary, Papers Article Summary Free Essays In this article, the author, Debra Barrow, talks about how customer service has changed from the good old days of full service gas stations and face to face communication to today’s self-serve, pre-recorded society. Customers back then were fiercely loyal to your business when you gave them good service in virtually any type of businesses. She examines if the downturn in the economy has something to do with the lowering of the level of customer service or if it has Just been happening for a while. We will write a custom essay sample on Article Summary or any similar topic only for you Order Now The suggestions the author gives are very good and center on being empathetic to your customer. Making yourself or a representative available for face to face communication of issues and questions is also mentioned. She finishes with reminding us that competition is fierce customers have a wide choice of alternatives. The customer usually goes with the best value that they see. This does not dismiss the importance of customer service as people do remember those that treat them well. I feel that the article is very good despite being perhaps a little obvious. But that in itself is the problem. Much of what is talked about In the article is no longer obvious to many people and they are not mindful of the Importance of giving or even achieving great customer service. As my career choice is in the information technology field, I can use the Information presented In this article to make sure that I keep both internal and external customers happy and that In turn will not only keep me happy, but will make my Job much more bearable. Ten years In customer service has taught me that while the customer may not always be right, the least that you can do Is make sure that they come away from your Interaction with a smile and feeling that their problem has been solved. Work Cited Barrow, Debra. â€Å"Customer Service Back In the Day’ CustomerServlceManager. 2012. Web. Septa. 2014 Article Summary By muskellunges â€Å"Customer Service Back in the Day’ that in itself is the problem. Much of what is talked about in the article is no longer obvious to many people and they are not mindful of the importance of giving or even technology field, I can use the information presented in this article to make sure that I keep both internal and external customers happy and that in turn will not only keep me happy, but will make my Job much more bearable. Ten years in customer service can do is make sure that they come away from your interaction with a smile and Barrow, Debra. How to cite Article Summary, Papers Article summary Free Essays As the immigration population increases in the united States so does the New York workforce according to this article. Nonetheless this is not a very positive thing once the article goes in depth about why this is so. Sample says that in a time of widespread Joblessness, Mexicans, specifically in New York. We will write a custom essay sample on Article summary or any similar topic only for you Order Now Have proved to be skilled at finding and keeping work. The article focuses on Mexican because they are the it’s largest immigrant group. They have the highest rate of employment and are more likely to hold a Job compared to the typical New Work’s native-born population. This data was In accordance with an analysis of the most recently available census data. Surprisingly statistics show that Mexicans In New York are even employed at a greater rate than Mexicans nationwide. Sadly, these statistics do not happen without out the consequences of workplace abuse. There are several reasons why illegal immigrants are the targets and ideal workers for most employers. This is true for the fact that most employers are interested in hiring people who are willing to overlook some labor laws. Most of these workers said they had never been paid overtime compensation almost always were given the dirty Jobs and were sometimes forced to work on their only day off. As one of these employees said in the article, there is not much that they can do to even stand up for their right because they are too scared of either being fired or deported. The employment rate Just for New Work’s working-age Mexican men is even higher at n astounding 97 percent. Some analysts believe that the census underestimates employment rates for populations with high numbers of Illegal Immigrants, Like Mexicans, because those without legal documentation fear revealing their employment status. Response: Sample addresses a lot of issues that emerge from hiring immigrants. There is not just the abuse of their rights and labor laws but, emotional or psychological abuse on these employees. This is a very helpful article for those who do not understand or are angered by immigrants taking over American Jobs. It is not very appealing to the average American citizen to work long hours with a pay less than minimum wage. It is no surprise that in New York most Mexican immigrants are heavily concentrated in jobs that involve food preparation. Another area that they are not surprisingly hired in is construction. These are occupations that require a lot of hours on the Job and I know for a fact that Is can and most likely causes emotional stress particularly when hey are being extremely under paid. How to cite Article summary, Papers

The Role Of Women In Business From The Past Century To Today

Abstract The report commences with an examination of women’s professional opportunities in the early twentieth century. At the time, most women could only access low-paying jobs in poorly-maintained industries. During the First and Second World War, women took up unconventional jobs in order to replace the male workers that had joined the military.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on The Role Of Women In Business From The Past Century To Today specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, these women’s husbands displaced them when they came back from war. In subsequent years, this group fought for its rights through the women’s movement and other organisations. By the end of the twentieth century, several females started owning their own enterprises. Today, a number of company CEOs are female, and they do a good job. Nonetheless, barriers that prevent women from reaching for leadership positions at work are causing most of them to become frustrated. It was recommended that the government should make legislations to even out the playing field. Women should undergo confidence building and be entitled to flexible hours of work. This would narrow the gap between men and women in the business world. Introduction Women’s role in business has improved dramatically since the early twentieth century. Society’s attitude towards this group affected its level of achievement in the business arena. The paper will examine some historical developments in the female movement and how these relate to the role of women in business. Justification This study will assist in bringing out the challenges that women in business face as seen through a historical lens. By starting with the twentieth century, the study will illustrate some of the historical injustices faced by women and how societies can deal with that inequality. Women in the early twentieth century and the First World War F emales in the early twentieth century had minimal access to job opportunities. However, a few sectors provided women with work, such as art and literature. Female writers like Dorothy Richardson highlighted the challenges that women faced in their society.Advertising Looking for report on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This era also recorded an increase in female artists who used their craft to portray powerful images of working women. Although society frowned upon the participation of women in work, a small proportion of them (20%) had jobs. Most women in the 1900s were factory employees who worked under squalor conditions for minimal pay. The 1920s were the roaring twenties; this was a progressive era in which women defied the submissive stereotype of the late nineteenth century. They were daring in their social and professional lives. Some of them took up jobs in the public sector. Female clerical workers were wid espread at the time; others participated in the field of journalism, law and mining. However, these opportunities were largely available to middle class Caucasian women; ethnic minorities and older women struggled to secure employment. The number of women who participated in the labour force rose by 50% in this decade. Nonetheless, some sections of society felt threatened by this new breed of independent and hardworking women. Therefore, stakeholders in the film industry quelled men’s insecurities by portraying images of married women. Nonetheless, those images did not depict the true goings-on in society. As professional roles began changing, women embraced opportunities in healthcare, education and other professions designed to cater to the needs of manufacturers. When the First World War started many men left for military service. This created a vacuum in the workplace that only women could fill. Many of them rose to the occasion; however, when the war ended, they had to s tep aside for their male counterparts. Those who stayed behind could only do low-paying jobs as men took all the lucrative opportunities (Hameed, 2008). Women in the Second World War When the United States entered the Second World War, it required a lot of military supplies. Suppliers converted automobile factories into aircraft facilities. This demand for military supplies created a labour shortage that only women could reverse. The government wanted women to do this only temporarily, so they made a call to work. Since few women responded to it, the government decided to launch a propaganda campaign in which it created a fictional character called Rosie the Riveter. The US government looked for a series of individuals who could fit the profile of a patriotic, attractive and efficient female. Advertisers displayed images of such women in various media channels, and the public responded positively to the portrayals (Ross, 1993). In the beginning, most women took factory jobs, but the re was still a need for more qualified workers. Employers began hiring women who had just completed high school; these efforts were still not sufficient to fill the labour gap. Companies needed to tap into a demographic group that they had forbade from working; married women.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on The Role Of Women In Business From The Past Century To Today specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More They initially started with mothers who had older children. Most females took low-paying jobs in order to free up men for higher-paying jobs. Furthermore, few of them had access to powerful positions in their places of work. Women enjoyed the economic incentives associated with work and also appreciated the fulfilment they found in these new roles as employees. However, they had to fight negative attitudes from men. It should be noted that although a large proportion of women entered the labour force, stakeholders s till felt that their greatest strength was at home. Many perceived career women as unattractive prospects for marriage. Therefore, when the war ended, women got into low-paying jobs or went back home. Nonetheless, this era paved the way for participation of women in unconventional professions. Future generations of women would follow their path. The Women’s Movement In the 1960s, female writers articulated the challenges of women in society. They asserted that domestic roles defined women, and this disempowered them. The writers urged their colleagues to find new roles and define their own identities through professional opportunities. It was such sentiments that led to the birth of the women’s movement. Many participants drew inspiration from the civil rights movement of the 1970s. It should be noted that the birth control pill contributed to the prevalence of this movement, as well. The decade 1960 was an era of rebelliousness. Many middle class youth joined the wome n’s movement because of these sentiments. During this decade, civil rights bills prompted female supporters to call for their own protective laws. In 1964, women secured their first antidiscrimination bill. A number of women formed the National Organisation for Women which fought for women’s rights and prompted other members to participate in the same. It was these developments that eventually spread to other parts of the western world such as the UK and Australia. Women in business today Women have made enormous strides in the business world today. Some are CEOs of Fortune 500 companies while others own medium and small enterprises. Their participation in the workforce is indicative of the degree of advancement that women have undergone over the past century. Better educational opportunities, strong antidiscrimination legislation and positive attitudes towards the female gender have contributed to these advancements. Women are now leading powerful institutions such as PepsiCo. The CEO of this institution is Indra Nooyi; she is the most powerful woman in the fortune 500 list. This leader started as a company manager and climbed the company ranks to become CEO. Indra became a chief financial officer seven years after she joined the institution and a CEO five years later (Kalyan, 2009).Advertising Looking for report on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Other women have started their businesses from scratch and grown them into international empires. A case in point was Archer Daniels Midland. The President of this organisation is Pat Woertz, and she is the fourth most powerful woman in the fortune 500 list. Andrea Jung, Brenda Barnes, Irene Rosenfeld, Meg Withman, and Anne Mulcahy lead or own Avon, Sara Lee, Kraft Foods, eBay, and Xerox respectively. These women have worked hard to get to these positions, yet their achievements would have been unrealistic in the 1950s. The CEO of Yahoo Inc is also female, and is known as Marrissa Mayer. The born leader took up responsibility for running an ailing internet firm at the beginning of this year (2012). It is too early to judge whether her leadership has been extraordinary, but one can already see how committed she is to the firm. She only took a two-week long maternity leave and resumed her duties immediately after the break. Another example of a strong female executive is Reg Leaver wh o is a leader at Australia.wana. She first purchased a newsagency in 1995 and then went on to form various news groups. Leaver has the title of 2010 Nextra Australia’s winner. The above-mentioned women are not the only ones who have made a mark in the business world. Statistics indicate that women around the world own 10.4 million organisations. In some countries, women started approximately 40% of all companies. Furthermore, studies show that the number of businesses owned by this demographic group is increasing at an impressive rate. Over the past decade, female-owned businesses have grown by 42.3%. Additionally, sales generated from these organisations have increased by 4.4%. Female entrepreneurs have entered various sectors such as retail, real estate and manufacturing. Although most of these participants belong to the service sector (68%), a substantial proportion of these business owners are trying real estate (7.7%) and retail (14.4%) (Kalyan, 2009). Representation of female participants in business Clearly, women have done well for themselves. It is necessary to understand why these figures have been improving with time. One obvious explanation is the level of educational attainment among members of the group. Studies indicate that the number of women with master’s degrees has increased by 40.7% over the past 32 years. Additionally, the world now has 44.1% more first degree holders in this demographic group. Even the number of female doctoral degree holders has increased by 43% since 1980. These advancements in education have increased women’s chances of becoming business leaders. Another reason behind such impressive growth rates in entrepreneurship is the diversification of business portfolios. 38% of all female employees belong to sales and office occupations. 36% of these women handle managerial and other professional positions. 18% of them engage in service occupations while 8% of female employees handle the production, trans portation and movement of goods. Participation in various sectors of the economy opens up opportunities for advancements and this increases one’s chances of owning one’s organisation. Shown is a graphical representation of the diversification of business among women Challenges faced by female workers Although the above advancements exist in the labour force, a disproportionate number of men dominate leadership positions in business. Experts assert that an invisible barrier, known as the glass ceiling, prevents women from becoming company leaders. It is imperative to understand some of the challenges that women in business face when reaching for these leadership positions (Mason, 2012). A firm’s management style may impede women’s advancement in the business world. Men and women have divergent management styles; company stakeholders may misinterpret female managerial styles and accord men more latitude. People often condemn females who adopt a masculine s tyle. Additionally, recruitment behaviours tend to mirror prevailing demographic patterns in a company. If a firm is male-dominated, then it is more likely to hire people who represent this image. As a result, females lack opportunities to participate in such companies. Discrimination still exists in certain companies that overlook qualified women for men. Some occupations segregate women naturally. Firms in these industries are male-dominated and will rarely offer women opportunities for advancement. Typical examples include engineering, shipping or construction. In order to climb the corporate ladder, one needs access to informal and formal networks. Female employees lack access to these networks and thus have limited advancement opportunities. Some employers perceive women as problematic because they have to attend to their families’ needs. Because of this, employers may overlook mothers when promotion opportunities arise. All the above challenges have caused many women to consider entrepreneurship as the ultimate solution to the glass ceiling. Many women are leaving the workforce to start their own organisations. This shields them from the unfairness of the corporate arena (Miller, 2009). Recommendations More women should consider entrepreneurship because this allows them to create their own rules; they can also succeed on the basis of their personal input. Currently, costs of starting businesses are quite low. Further, businesses allow women to create corporations that match their personal values (Bullock, 1994). However, before more women can enter into the world of entrepreneurship, governments and other stakeholders need to do a number of things. They need to work on the concept of work-life balance through legislations and provision of relevant facilities. Women need to be enlightened about how to build their confidence as well as how to cope with new roles. Flexible scheduling should be considered by potential female entrepreneurs. This will p revent them from perpetuating the same discrimination that caused them to leave the corporate arena. Stakeholders should start creating female business networks in order to foster growth and development. Conclusion At the beginning of the twentieth century, society restricted women to low-paying jobs. Economic necessity prompted employers to hire females; however, the group never gained access to leadership positions. This has changed today because a number of women own their own enterprises. Such patterns stem from better education, legislation and business diversification. Covert discrimination places a barrier in career advancement thus compelling many women to consider entrepreneurship. References Bullock, S. (1994). Women and work. London: Zed Books. Hameed, Z. (2008). Gender differences in business roles. Web. Kalyan, S. (2009). The changing role of women in the workplace. Web. Mason, W. (2012). Women in business. Web. Miller, B. (2009). Encouraging women into senior managemen t positions. Web. Ross, S. (1993). The rights of women. London: McMillan. This report on The Role Of Women In Business From The Past Century To Today was written and submitted by user Hailey Butler to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.